There are many many examples of SQL queries here:
https://vox.veritas.com/t5/OpsCenter/bd-p/opscenter
...yet... I'm struggling to find a specific example of an "SQL query" for only "SQL policies", so I think you need to search the OpsCenter forum for examples of perhaps : "SQL query for jobs of policy type" and that might give you some exampes of how to pick out backup jobs by a specific policy type.
Apologies, but I feel that perhaps I didn't quite understand the phrasing of your question... and so... if however, you meant to ask to "generate a list of all successful backups of individual databases and all failed backups of individual databases from within all SQL backup jobs", then I somehow suspect that OpsCenter might not be recording this in any meaningful way. And so, if this is what you are after, then you many need to resort to custom scripting to pick your way through the embedded "tries" structure inside each record of a "bpdbjobs -all_columns" extract, and to then try to pick apart the output of the detailed activity monitor text.
Perhaps, another way might be to get your DBAs to implement some custom site specific code to get the SQL databases themselves to report their own recent history of backups of their own databases ? i.e. MS SQL knows if and when it was backed-up, and MS SQL itself should be able to report on those backups.