HI;
according to the question asked by you that u would like to know a quicker way for finding errors by not going into job logs.
Unfortunately this is not possible.
A backup job when fails gives a poppup for the specific category of reason.
Uusually for backup selections where open files are present and AOFO is not used the the job gives a pop up saying the job succeeded but with exceptions.
And for the other reson for not being able to attach the drive it gives a pop up saying not able to attach the drive or access denied but to know the exact issue we have to go to job logs.
U can try to split jobs and verify as well.
Thanks
Javed