Hello,
Closed database backups take place while a database is shut down. When the database is shut down, all data files and control files comprising the database are available for backup
by a file system backup operation. Performing a closed database backup of the Oracle server is recommended after making structural changes to the database.
A closed database backup also speeds the recovery of the database in a disaster situation. One method of performing a closed database backup simply requires you to shut down the database and back up the entire volume (hard drive) where the Oracle database is located. Another method is to select only the directories and files that make up the database.
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