Yes, this can be done.
You will need to mount the windows share as a local mount point, for example:
mount -t smbfs -o username=mywindowsusername,password=mywindowspassword //servername/sharename /mountdirectory
This can then be used as the backup destination.
Also, be aware of this:
You need to enable the "lfs" option to be able to copy files bigger than 2Gb in the remote destination.
Now you can mount samba shares with large file support by giving the "lfs" option to smbmount, e.g. like this:
smbmount //remoteserver/backup /mnt/backup -o username=admin,password=mypassword,lfs